Topic 1:
Public administration as
a branch of science is the sphere of humanities knowledge, and also is
connected with a lot of other sciences: history,
sociology, psychology, political
science, juridical science, economics, ethics,
cultural studies.
Social governance is purposeful influence on society for its regulation,
improvement and development.
Management is identified as deliberate influence on a complex
system.
Object of research of PA
as a science is activity of public authorities.
Subject matter of PA as a science
consists of 3 groups of issues:
- organization
of public administration at various levels – central, regional and local;
- techniques
and methods of public administration (developing of decision-making theory,
political forecasting, methods of PA);
- problem
of recruitment and training of officials.
Topic 2:
State power is an instrument providing existence of state and
achievement of its objectives, through the power and methods implemented to
ensure common and private needs, realize functions of regulation and resolve
conflicts in society.
Public authority (government body) is
an important element of organizational structure of public administration. It
is an entity of state power structure, formally established by the state to
perform its objectives and functions, and is connected with forming and
implementation of government controlling actions.
Management unit is an
independent element of management structure, for example, structural units or
officials, which performs one or more management functions.
A certain management
level should be considered as totality of management units that occupy a
definite level in the management system. At the same management level, the
division of competence between units is implemented.
Functions of PA are integrated controlling actions of Government, which are carried out according to the legislation by specially
created executive authorities by
means of specific methods in order
to implement the tasks of PA.
Topic 3:
Government regulation of
economy is a system of
arrangements for realization of compensating and
regulating Government activity in order to create appropriate conditions for market
functioning and solve social and economic problems of national economy
development.
Direct methods of GRE influence
on the functioning of the market entities using administrative tools and
economic instruments of direct impact (state orders, public contracts, grants,
subsidy, subvention, Licensing, quotas, fixed prices for goods and tariffs for
services, state standards and specifications).
Indirect methods of GRE are
a set of indirect means of state influence on the activities of economic
entities (system of legal and economic methods) through the creation of a
particular economic environment that forces them to act in the right direction.
Fiscal policy consists
of deliberate (обдуманный) changes in government spending and tax collections
designed to achieve full employment, control inflation, and encourage economic
growth.
Monetary policy consists
of deliberate changes in the money supply to influence interest rates and thus
the total level of spending in the economy.
Social policy is an activity of Government
which is provided for Regulation of
social conditions of
society members life in order to increase their well-being, eliminate market
failures and provide Social justice.
Topic 4:
Republic is one of
the polity types in terms of which all supreme government bodies are either
elected or formed by nationwide representative institutions.
Parliament is
a supreme nationwide representative and legislative body in the government system
of the state.
Executive power is irreplaceable attribute of the state-power
mechanism, based on the principle of separation of powers. It`s expressed in
the activities of special subjects with executive authorities, and is
represented in the state-power mechanism by executive bodies.
Legislatures (legislative bodies) are elected assemblies in charge of the approval of
draft legislation.
Topic 5:
Regional policy is extremely necessary for every Government in order to avoid significant imbalances in regional
economic structure of the state and social problems.
Regional government is organizational, legal and economic measures,
provided by state government in regional development according to current and
strategic goals.
Region is consolidated by national legislation, occupy a level below the level of
the state and have political Self-government.
Depressed areas are certain
regions, where the indicators
of socio-economic development fall behind
the national standards or average
figures.
Topic 6:
Verkhovna Rada is 450 People’s Deputies, who are elected on the basis
of universal, equal and direct suffrage, by secret ballot for the term of five
years
Supreme Court of Ukraine is the highest judicial body in the system of courts
of general jurisdiction.
President of Ukraine is the Head of State and acts in its name. The
President is the guarantor of state sovereignty and territorial indivisibility
of Ukraine, the observance of the Constitution of Ukraine and human and
citizens’ rights and freedoms (Article 102).
Topic 7:
Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine is the highest authority in the system of bodies of
executive power. The Cabinet of Ministers is responsible to the President and
the Verkhovna Rada (Article 113).
Ministries are Central Bodies of Executive power that provide
forming and implementing of state policy in one or more areas. Other CBEP
perform certain functions on implementing of state policy.
Topic 8:
Local state administration is a local body of executive power, which exercises
executive power within its authority on the territory of certain administrative
unit, as well as implements authority delegated by the respective council.
Topic 9:
Local self-government is the right and ability of a territorial community
to resolve issues of local character independently (directly) or under the responsibility of authorities and officials of
Local self-government.
Territorial community is an aggregation of inhabitants united by permanent
residence within a village, settlement, city that is a separate administrative
unit, or a voluntary association of inhabitants of several villages with a
certain administrative center.